J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode-ray tubes showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons.
Thomson's plum pudding model of the atom had negatively charged electrons embedded within a positively charged "soup."
Rutherford's gold foil experiment showed that the atom is mostly space with a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus.
Based on these results, Rutherford proposed the nuclear model of the atom
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